Презентация «Constructivist Approaches to International Politics»

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Презентация «Constructivist Approaches to International Politics»

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Constructivist Approaches to International Politics J A Morrison
Constructivist Approaches to International Politics J A Morrison
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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Before we grapple with the “constructivist” approach to IP, it is worth noting something distinctive
Before we grapple with the “constructivist” approach to IP, it is worth noting something distinctive about the discipline of political science.
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Different disciplines define and organize themselves in different ways.
Different disciplines define and organize themselves in different ways.
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Historians define themselves as those who adhere to a particular methodology: the construction of na
Historians define themselves as those who adhere to a particular methodology: the construction of narrative.
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As chroniclers, they may simply hope to document the progression of events and lower the barriers to
As chroniclers, they may simply hope to document the progression of events and lower the barriers to understanding that progression.
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 8
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Historians are meant to be competent to discuss all the big issues within the context of their chose
Historians are meant to be competent to discuss all the big issues within the context of their chosen time and space.
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Economists define themselves according to a specific approach—a specific framework and methodology.
Economists define themselves according to a specific approach—a specific framework and methodology.
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In general, economists attempt to explain how individuals maximize their preferences given environme
In general, economists attempt to explain how individuals maximize their preferences given environmental constraints.
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As Barry Eichengreen (an economist) put it…
As Barry Eichengreen (an economist) put it…
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The discipline of political science, by contrast, is defined rather differently from the disciplines
The discipline of political science, by contrast, is defined rather differently from the disciplines of history and economics.
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Political science is a discipline defined by its substantive concern—politics—rather than its approa
Political science is a discipline defined by its substantive concern—politics—rather than its approach or methodology.
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To be a political scientist, one must study any of the many facets of politics…
To be a political scientist, one must study any of the many facets of politics…
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In terms of approach, however, political science is quite pluralistic.
In terms of approach, however, political science is quite pluralistic.
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These substantive issues of politics are studied in any number of ways, using…
These substantive issues of politics are studied in any number of ways, using…
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Thus, there is no distinctive “political scientific” approach.
Thus, there is no distinctive “political scientific” approach.
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A critic would say that this makes political science schizophrenic and deeply fractured.
A critic would say that this makes political science schizophrenic and deeply fractured.
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 20
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Constructivism, in fact, was the product of this kind of intellectual cross-fertilization.
Constructivism, in fact, was the product of this kind of intellectual cross-fertilization.
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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While Waltz, Mearsheimer, Keohane, Axelrod, Russett, et al, come to different conclusions about IP,
While Waltz, Mearsheimer, Keohane, Axelrod, Russett, et al, come to different conclusions about IP, their approach to studying IP is essentially the same.
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 24
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These theorists all think about states in the international system in the same way that economists t
These theorists all think about states in the international system in the same way that economists think about actors in markets.
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They all employ (often explicitly) the economists’ “rational choice” approach. Thus, they are someti
They all employ (often explicitly) the economists’ “rational choice” approach. Thus, they are sometimes called rationalists.
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These rationalists explain how actors maximize their goals given various constraints. But they pay l
These rationalists explain how actors maximize their goals given various constraints. But they pay little attention to the source of these actors’ goals. Instead, these preferences are treated as …
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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Constructivists utilize a different approach and pursue different questions.
Constructivists utilize a different approach and pursue different questions.
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Constructivists want to ask: how are these actors’ all-important preferences formed in the first pla
Constructivists want to ask: how are these actors’ all-important preferences formed in the first place?
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These constructivists want to endogenize several of the elements that rationalists treat as exogneou
These constructivists want to endogenize several of the elements that rationalists treat as exogneously determined.
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Or, as Katzenstein and Wendt put it…
Or, as Katzenstein and Wendt put it…
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“[T]his book makes problematic the state interests that predominant explanations of national securit
“[T]his book makes problematic the state interests that predominant explanations of national security often take for granted. ” (Katzenstein, 1)
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 34
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 35
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 36
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“It is through reciprocal interaction, in other words, that we create and instantiate the relatively
“It is through reciprocal interaction, in other words, that we create and instantiate the relatively enduring social structures in terms of which we define our identities and interests. ” (Wendt, 406)
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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According to constructivists, constructivism is not a theory or a “school” of theories.
According to constructivists, constructivism is not a theory or a “school” of theories.
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Constructivists also see “rationalism” as an approach rather than as an individual theory or school
Constructivists also see “rationalism” as an approach rather than as an individual theory or school of theories.
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But the two approaches differ significantly along several dimensions…
But the two approaches differ significantly along several dimensions…
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THE RATIONALIST APPROACH The Rationalist Ontology The Rationalist Epistemology Some Differences betw
THE RATIONALIST APPROACH The Rationalist Ontology The Rationalist Epistemology Some Differences between Rationalists
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The Rationalist Ontology
The Rationalist Ontology
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The Rationalist Ontology
The Rationalist Ontology
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The Rationalist Epistemology States are assumed to enjoy (bounded) rationality States attempt to use
The Rationalist Epistemology States are assumed to enjoy (bounded) rationality States attempt to use strategies to maximize their preferences given their constraints Different theories specify …
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 46
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Some Differences between Rationalists
Some Differences between Rationalists
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THE CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH The Constructivist Ontology The Constructivist Epistemology Some Differe
THE CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH The Constructivist Ontology The Constructivist Epistemology Some Differences between Constructivists
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The Constructivist Ontology
The Constructivist Ontology
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The Constructivist Ontology
The Constructivist Ontology
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The Constructivist Epistemology Structure (interests, environment, and strategies) cannot be underst
The Constructivist Epistemology Structure (interests, environment, and strategies) cannot be understood apart from process (international interaction) States construct these elements through their …
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 52
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 53
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Constructivism “Lite”
Constructivism “Lite”
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Constructivism “Heavy”
Constructivism “Heavy”
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 56
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Approach to IP
Approach to IP
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 58
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Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rati
Lec 6: Constructivist Approaches The Discipline of Political Science Rationalism Constructivism Rationalism & Constructivism Compared “Anarchy is what states make of it”
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 60
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 61
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 62
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 63
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 64
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“I argue that self-help and power politics do not follow either logically or causally from anarchy a
“I argue that self-help and power politics do not follow either logically or causally from anarchy and that if today we find ourselves in a self-help world, this is due to process, not structure. …
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Here’s an example…
Here’s an example…
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In the late 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev deliberately reshaped the rhetoric that had defined the relatio
In the late 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev deliberately reshaped the rhetoric that had defined the relationship between the US and the USSR. He worked to transform the two states’ identities and interests …
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As Wendt would argue, structural features like the distribution of power matter less than how we int
As Wendt would argue, structural features like the distribution of power matter less than how we interpret those circumstances. After all, is the power going to someone we consider to be a friend or …
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«Constructivist Approaches to International Politics», слайд 69
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To Do… Keep thinking about your papers Goldstein & Keohane: Develop an Outline of a Critical Ana
To Do… Keep thinking about your papers Goldstein & Keohane: Develop an Outline of a Critical Analysis


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